1. Promote learning by doing
Source intent. Users prefer to act first and read documentation only on demand. Layouts should let users explore the surface without losing work.
Pass · 3
Primary action discoverable within 5 seconds of landing. Every destructive action has a visible undo or confirm. Live preview updates in real time.
Partial · 1
Primary action discoverable but requires hovering or scrolling. Some destructive actions are confirmable; not all.
Fail · 0
User must read instructions before they can act. Trying things produces irreversible loss of work.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
2. Help users adopt more efficient methods
Source intent. Users plateau at satisficing and rarely become true experts on their own. Embed unobtrusive cues toward faster paths.
Pass · 3
Frequent commands surface a keyboard shortcut hint inline. Repeated patterns trigger templated shortcuts. Power features documented in-context.
Partial · 1
Shortcuts exist and are discoverable but not surfaced contextually. Some power features hinted at but not at moment of need.
Fail · 0
Power features require external documentation. Repeated multi-step sequences have no batched or templated shortcut.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
3. Provide flexible and fluid pathways
Source intent. Complex-app users have non-linear goals and need to move between subtasks without losing state. Avoid rigid linear wizards.
Pass · 3
Every step reachable from every other step without losing intermediate work. Visible breadcrumb. Save / pause / resume works at any point.
Partial · 1
Most steps reachable; some require backtracking through full sequence. Pause / resume works but loses some intermediate state.
Fail · 0
Workflow forces strict start-to-finish order. Abandoning mid-flow loses all work.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
4. Help users track actions and thought processes
Source intent. Long-running tasks and complex sensemaking strain working memory. Externalize that memory through annotations, comments, and timestamps.
Pass · 3
Open-ended notes / comments attach to any rubric dimension, gap card, or motion panel. Visible session log with timestamps. Auto-score reasoning is one click away.
Partial · 1
Comments work but siloed (e.g., on rubric only, not on motion). Action history exists but isn't human-readable.
Fail · 0
No way to attach notes to any artifact. Returning to paused work requires re-deriving prior reasoning from scratch.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
5. Coordinate transition among multiple tools and workspaces
Source intent. Complex-app users juggle many tools. Build connection points to the most-used external tools instead of fighting the ecosystem.
Pass · 3
Every artifact has a one-click export to its most-used downstream surface. Round-trip flows preserve state. No screenshot, copy-paste, or re-format between tools.
Partial · 1
Export works but round-trip loses state. Some downstream surfaces wired up; others require manual handoff.
Fail · 0
User must manually screenshot or copy-paste across tools. No path from artifact to consumption channel.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
6. Reduce clutter without reducing capability
Source intent. Complex apps must serve novice and expert users in the same surface. Use staged disclosure to keep capability without overwhelming.
Pass · 3
Default view shows only the 20% of features used 80% of the time. Advanced parameters reachable in ≤2 clicks but hidden by default. Hiding nothing breaks capability.
Partial · 1
Default partly decluttered; some non-essential controls remain. Advanced parameters reachable but require >2 clicks or context-switching.
Fail · 0
Default view shows every parameter, overwhelming new users. Hiding controls broke power-user capability.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
7. Ease transition between primary and secondary information
Source intent. Not all info can fit on the primary surface. Make secondary info reachable without leaving context.
Pass · 3
Tooltips / popovers / expanders surface secondary info without page navigation. Primary view's state never lost. Secondary info loads in <400ms (Doherty threshold).
Partial · 1
Secondary info reachable but requires navigation away from primary. Loading takes >400ms but <2s.
Fail · 0
Secondary info requires opening a new screen, losing primary context. Buried in documentation outside the app.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
8. Make important information visually salient
Source intent. Visual search is expensive. Make critical info stand out — often by removing surrounding noise rather than adding emphasis.
Pass · 3
Single most important number identifiable in <2 seconds. Salience comes from removing decoration, not adding emphasis. Alerts use color + position + motion (not color alone).
Partial · 1
Important info identifiable but competes with surrounding decoration. Salience comes from added emphasis rather than reduction.
Fail · 0
User must scan entire screen to find headline number. Alerts conveyed by color alone.
Cards
Pass · 3
Partial · 1
Fail · 0
Composite verdict
Sum scores. Maximum 24. Ship floor 18 (six passes plus two partials).
Total: — / 24
awaiting scores
24
Ship-ready, exemplary.
18–23
Ship-ready with minor remediation noted for next iteration.
12–17
Hold; remediate failed and partial rules before client share.
<12
Major rework required; reset and re-design from rule perspective.